[PDF] Bureaucracy and Administration by Ali Farazmand

Bureaucracy is one of the oldest institutions of government and administration in history. As such, bureaucracy and administration are as old as human civilization, one promoting the other, hence an intimate relationship between civilization and administration. In fact, as an institution of government and administration, bureaucracy has its roots in the ancient world, playing a formidable role in the administration of great empires and civilizations, namely Persian, Chinese, and Roman, with traditions that provided continuity and order to many civilizations and their administrative systems for several millennia. Why study bureaucracy now? Because there has never been a true alternative to bureaucracy; no organization will ever totally replace it. 

This introductory chapter intends to provide a theoretical framework by addressing a number of key questions, issues, and dimensions of bureaucracy as a social phenomenon in the modern history of governance, administration, politics, and society. What follows include a schematic presentation of bureaucracy in history, bureaucracy as an institution and its theoretical framework, bureaucracy and politics, bureaucracy and bureaucratic politics, bureaucracy and development, bureaucracy and dysfunctions, bureaucracy and change and revolution, bureaucracy and governance and government, bureaucracy and administration, bureaucracy and society, bureaucracy and democracy, and the future of bureaucracy in the age of globalization, and more.

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